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Illustration of Arctic Ocean

Arctic Ocean

The smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceans…

Reads at Grades K-2 Listens at K–3

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The story

The Ocean at the Top of the World

Imagine you are standing at the very top of the world. Everything around you is a brilliant, sparkling white. A thick, cozy blanket of ice covers me, floating like giant white puzzle pieces on my deep, dark water. I am a quiet place, but I am full of life. At night, the sky puts on a magical show just for me. Green, pink, and purple lights dance and wiggle high above, like colorful ribbons waving in the dark. They are called the Northern Lights, and they are my special nightlight. Polar bears with fluffy white fur tiptoe across my ice, searching for their next meal. Funny whales with long, twisty horns called narwhals swim in my chilly water, playing hide-and-seek beneath the ice. I am a special, cold, and beautiful place. I am the Arctic Ocean.

Long, long ago, even before ships with tall sails came to visit, I had special friends. The Inuit people learned my secrets. They knew how to build warm homes from my snow and how to find food in my cold waters. They respected me and understood my icy moods, knowing when I was calm and when I was stormy. Then, brave explorers from faraway lands heard stories about me. They wondered if they could find a secret shortcut through my ice, a path they called the Northwest Passage. They wanted to sail from one big ocean to another, right through my waters. Many tried, but my ice was very stubborn. One very brave man was named Roald Amundsen. On August 26th, 1903, he and his small crew started a big adventure on their ship. Their boat was strong, but my ice was stronger. Sometimes they had to wait for months for the ice to melt a little so they could move. It was like a giant puzzle. Roald had to be smart and patient. He watched the animals and the sky, just like my Inuit friends did. It took him three whole years to finally sail all the way through. He was the very first one to do it. His journey showed everyone how important it is to be courageous and never give up.

Today, I have a very important job. I am like a big refrigerator for the whole world, helping to keep our planet cool and comfy. Scientists come to visit me in special boats and airplanes. They study my ice and my water to see if our Earth is healthy. They measure how thick my ice is and check on the animals who live here. I am still a home for so many amazing creatures. Polar bears, seals, and giant whales depend on my cold water and thick ice to live and raise their babies. It is my job to keep them safe. My story inspires people to be brave explorers in their own lives and to be curious about the world. I hope I also remind everyone to take good care of our wonderful planet. When you help keep the Earth healthy, you help keep my ice strong and my animal friends happy and safe for a long, long time.

Wow facts

About

The smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceans, located at the northernmost part of the Earth and largely covered by sea ice.

First successful navigation of the Northwest Passage by Roald Amundsen 1903 CE - 1906 CE
First confirmed surface conquest of the North Pole 1968 CE

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Why did brave explorers want to sail through the Arctic Ocean?

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Arctic Ocean
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