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Illustration of The Grand Canyon

The Grand Canyon

A massive, steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States

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The story

The Story of the Grand Canyon

I am a giant secret hidden in the earth. Imagine a crack so big and so deep that you feel like a tiny ant when you stand at my edge. My walls are painted with colorful stripes of red, orange, purple, and brown, like a rainbow made of rock. The sun plays hide-and-seek with my shadows all day long, changing my colors from morning to night. Far, far below, a tiny blue ribbon snakes along my floor. It sparkles in the sun. The wind whispers stories as it blows through my cliffs and caves. For a very long time, I have watched the world change. I am strong, I am old, and I am beautiful. I am the Grand Canyon.

I wasn't always this big. For millions and millions of years, that little blue ribbon, the mighty Colorado River, has been my artist. It rushed and tumbled, slowly carving me out of the rock, one grain of sand at a time. The river worked very patiently, making me deeper and wider every single day. I am its masterpiece. Long, long ago, the first people came to live with me. The Ancestral Pueblo peoples built their homes right into my cliff walls. They were safe and cozy there, and I loved having them as my friends. Much later, in 1540, a Spanish explorer named García López de Cárdenas arrived. He stood at my edge with his mouth wide open. He had never seen anything so huge. “It’s so big.” he probably whispered to his friends, “How can we ever get down to that river?” They tried, but my walls were too steep for them. Then, in 1869, a very brave man named John Wesley Powell decided he had to know all my secrets. He and his team got into small wooden boats and traveled all the way down the Colorado River. It was a wild ride, but he was the first to explore my deepest parts and tell the world about the wonders he saw.

As more people heard about my beauty, they came from all over the world to see me. One man, President Theodore Roosevelt, said, “This is one of the great sights which every American should see.” He wanted to make sure I would be safe forever. So, in 1919, I became a National Park. That means I am a treasure for everyone to share and protect. Today, families come to watch the sun rise and paint my walls with golden light. Children hike on my trails, pointing at the lizards that scurry on the rocks. Sometimes, if they are lucky, they see a giant bird called a California condor soaring high above with its huge wings. I am a giant storybook made of rock, and my pages are millions of years old. I am here to remind you how powerful and beautiful nature is, and I will always be waiting for you to come and read my story.

Wow facts

About

A massive, steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States, known for its visually overwhelming size and its intricate and colorful landscape.

Colorado River begins carving Unknown
First humans arrive Unknown
First European sighting by Cárdenas 1540 CE
John Wesley Powell's expedition 1869 CE - 1869 CE
Designated a National Park 1919 CE

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Who was the brave explorer that traveled down the Colorado River in small boats?

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The Grand Canyon
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