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Illustration of The Hero Twins - Maya

The Hero Twins - Maya

A central myth of the K'iche' Maya people about twin brothers, Hunahpu and Xbalanque…

Reads at Grades 3–5 Listens at Grades 1–5

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The story

The Hero Twins of the Maya

The air in our jungle home was thick with the sweet smell of orchids and the buzz of hummingbirds, a perfect place for a game. My name is Hunahpu, and my twin brother, Xbalanque, and I were the best ballplayers in the world. We could make the hard rubber ball bounce and fly with just our hips and shoulders! But our happy, noisy games echoed deep below the roots of the giant ceiba trees, down into the dark, gloomy underworld of Xibalba. The grumpy Lords of Xibalba did not like our fun. One day, an owl messenger arrived with a challenge: the lords wanted to play us in a ballgame in their own kingdom. We knew this was no ordinary game; our father and uncle had gone to Xibalba long ago and never returned. But we were not afraid. This is the story of our journey, the tale of the Hero Twins. We looked at each other, smiled, and accepted the challenge. We would go to the Place of Fright and show them how the game was truly played.

The path to Xibalba was filled with tricks. Rivers of spikes and roaring rapids tried to stop us, but we were clever. When we finally arrived, the Lords of Xibalba tried to fool us by seating wooden statues on their thrones, but we saw right through their prank and greeted the real lords, which made them very angry. Our real tests had just begun. Each night, they sent us to a different, terrifying house to see if we would survive until the next day's game. First was the House of Darkness, a room so black you couldn't see your own hands. But we were prepared. Xbalanque brought out a feather from a macaw, and it glowed like a torch. I had a pouch full of fireflies, and we told them to pretend to be cigars, which fooled the guards. Next came the House of Knives, where sharp blades flew through the air. We spoke to the knives, promising them the flesh of animals, and they calmed down, leaving us unharmed. In the House of Jaguars, we fed the hungry cats bones so they would leave us alone. The scariest was the House of Bats, filled with giant, screeching creatures. One of them, a monster bat named Camazotz, swooped down and snatched my head! Can you imagine that? But my clever brother wasn't worried. He quickly carved a squash to look just like my head and put it on my shoulders. The next day, when the lords used my real head as the ball, Xbalanque hit the squash-head so hard it exploded, distracting everyone. In the confusion, a friendly rabbit helped him switch my real head back. We had survived their deadliest traps through teamwork and wit.

We knew we couldn't beat the lords with strength alone. We needed a master plan. So, we came up with our greatest trick. We allowed the lords to finally defeat us in the ballgame. They crushed our bones into dust and sprinkled them into a river. But that was exactly what we wanted! Five days later, we were reborn from the water, first as strange fish-men, and then we disguised ourselves as wandering performers. We traveled through Xibalba, performing amazing magic. We could burn a house down and make it reappear, and we could even bring animals back to life. Soon, news of our incredible show reached the Lords of Xibalba. They summoned us to their palace. We performed our greatest trick, where I would lie down and Xbalanque would pretend to sacrifice me, only to bring me back to life, whole and happy. The lords were amazed! They were so entertained that they begged us to perform the trick on them. We happily agreed. One by one, we defeated the selfish lords, but this time, we did not bring them back. We had finally brought peace to Xibalba and honored the memory of our father.

With our mission complete, we rose from the darkness of the underworld and climbed high into the sky. I, Hunahpu, became the Sun, and my brother, Xbalanque, became the Moon. Our story became a legend for the Maya people, a tale to explain the cycle of life and death, and the endless dance of day and night. They carved our adventures onto their temples and painted our faces on pottery so no one would forget our journey. The story of the Hero Twins reminds everyone that even in the darkest of places, courage, cleverness, and teamwork can bring light. And so, every morning when you see the sun rise, that's me, starting my journey. And every night, when the moon glows, that’s my brother, watching over the world. Our great game continues forever in the sky.

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About

A central myth of the K'iche' Maya people about twin brothers, Hunahpu and Xbalanque, who use their cleverness and skill to defeat the gods of the underworld, eventually being transformed into celestial bodies, with one becoming the Sun and the other the Moon.

Earliest known written account in Popol Vuh 1701 CE - 1703 CE (circa)

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Question 1 of 5

In the story, the underworld of Xibalba is described as 'gloomy.' What is another word for 'gloomy'?

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The Hero Twins - Maya
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