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Yamuna River

A major river in Northern India, originating in the Himalayas, flowing through Delhi and Agra…

Reads at Grades 3–5 Listens at Grades 1–5

The story

The River of Stories

I was born from a giant bed of ice and snow, high in the misty Himalayan mountains. My first memory is of melting from the great Yamunotri Glacier, a place so cold and pure it felt like the top of the world. At first, I was just a playful little stream, trickling and tumbling over smooth, grey stones. I giggled as I raced down the steep slopes, growing stronger and wider with every snowflake that melted into me. I saw mountain goats leaping on cliffs above and heard the quiet whisper of the wind through the pine trees. My journey was long, stretching across the vast plains of northern India. I knew I was destined to see great cities rise and fall and to carry the stories of millions of people within my currents. My name is spoken in prayers and written in ancient poems. I am the Yamuna River.

For thousands of years, people have seen me as more than just water. In the sacred stories of Hinduism, I am the goddess Yamuna, the daughter of Surya, the powerful sun god, and the sister of Yama, the lord of death. It is said that bathing in my waters can wash away fear. My story is woven into the great epic, the Mahabharata. The ancient city of Indraprastha, home to the heroic Pandava brothers, was built upon my banks around 1400 BCE. For centuries, families have come to my shores to celebrate festivals, lighting lamps that float like stars on my surface. They pray to me, sing songs for me, and trust me with their hopes and worries. To them, I am not just a river, but a living, breathing goddess, a source of life and peace.

My currents flowed through time, and I watched as new empires rose. During the Mughal era, I saw some of the most beautiful buildings in the world built beside me. In the city of Agra, I watched as thousands of workers shaped white marble under the warm sun. An emperor named Shah Jahan was building a tribute to his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. He began this incredible project in 1631, and it was a masterpiece of love. When it was finally completed around 1653, its brilliant white dome and tall minarets shimmered perfectly in my water. I became a mirror for the Taj Mahal. My journey continued north, to the emperor's new capital, Shahjahanabad, which you now call Old Delhi. There, I flowed past the magnificent Red Fort, a mighty fortress of deep red sandstone that was finished around 1648. I felt proud to flow beside such timeless and awe-inspiring creations, knowing I was connected to their stories forever.

My journey continues today, flowing through bustling cities filled with millions of people. But my path has become difficult. Sometimes, my waters feel heavy and tired, like I have a sickness from the pollution and waste that clouds my currents. It makes me sad to feel this way, to see my water turn dark. But I have not lost hope. I see so many caring people—scientists, volunteers, and even children—working hard to heal me. They clean my banks, invent new ways to purify my water, and teach others why I am so important. They remind everyone that I am a lifeline for millions. I carry the stories of gods and emperors, and I also carry the dreams of every person who depends on me today. Taking care of a river is like taking care of life itself, and I will keep flowing, carrying all my stories toward a cleaner, brighter future.

Wow facts

About

A major river in Northern India, originating in the Himalayas, flowing through Delhi and Agra, and considered sacred in Hinduism.

Mentioned in the Rigveda 1500 BCE - 1200 BCE (circa)
Setting for the city of Indraprastha 1400 BCE (circa)
Construction of the Taj Mahal 1631 CE - 1653 CE
Construction of the Red Fort 1639 CE - 1648 CE

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Question 1 of 5

The story says the river became a 'mirror for the Taj Mahal.' What does this phrase mean?

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Yamuna River
The River of Stories 0:00 / 0:00