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Portrait of Vespasian

Vespasian

Roman emperor from 69 to 79 CE who founded the Flavian dynasty, restored stability after a civil war…

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The story

Vespasian: The Emperor Who Built the Colosseum

Hello! My name is Titus Flavius Vespasianus, but you can call me Vespasian. I became a famous Roman emperor, but I was not born into a powerful family like many others. I was born on November 17th, in the year 9 CE, in a small country village called Falacrina. My father worked as a tax collector, and we lived a simple life. Growing up, I knew I wanted more than just a quiet life in my village. I decided that I wanted to serve the great Roman Empire, so when I was old enough, I joined the army to begin my journey.

Being a soldier in the Roman army took me on incredible adventures to faraway lands. One of the biggest and most important adventures of my career began in the year 43 CE. I was chosen by Emperor Claudius to be a commander of a legion, leading thousands of soldiers. We sailed to the misty island of Britannia, which you now call Great Britain. It was a challenging place with fierce warriors who fought hard to protect their homes. My time there was difficult, but we were successful in our mission. This experience was very important because it taught me how to be a strong and clever leader, skills I would need for the biggest job of my life.

After many years of service, I was sent to the province of Judaea in 66 CE to help calm a rebellion. While I was busy there, big trouble started back in the heart of the empire, Rome. The emperor, Nero, died in 68 CE, and without a strong leader, Rome fell into chaos. The next year, 69 CE, was so unstable that it is now called the 'Year of the Four Emperors.' During that single year, three different men tried to rule but failed to bring peace. The empire desperately needed a steady leader to fix things. My soldiers, who had seen my leadership firsthand, believed I was that person. On July 1st, 69 CE, they declared me their emperor.

When I finally became emperor and returned to Rome, the city was a mess. The government's treasury was empty, which meant we had no money to run the empire, and the people were worried about the future. I knew I had to act quickly, so I got to work right away. I made sure that everyone, from the rich to the poor, paid their taxes. This helped us fill the treasury so we could afford to protect our borders and improve the city. With that money, I started to build amazing new things for the people of Rome. My most famous project, which I started around the year 72 CE, was a giant stone arena for gladiator games and public shows. You know it today as the Colosseum!

I ruled as emperor for ten years and brought much-needed peace and order back to the Roman Empire. I also started a new line of emperors called the Flavian dynasty. After me, my own sons, Titus and Domitian, became emperors and continued my work. I lived to be 69 years old, and my life ended in the year 79 CE. People remember me as a practical and sensible emperor who wasn't afraid of hard work. And every time someone visits the incredible Colosseum in Rome, they are looking at a monument to the peace and strength I helped bring back to my people.

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About

Roman emperor from 69 to 79 CE who founded the Flavian dynasty, restored stability after a civil war, and began construction of the Colosseum.

Born 9 CE
Served in Roman invasion of Britain 43 CE
Declared Emperor 69 CE
Began reign as Emperor 69 CE - 79 CE
Began construction of the Colosseum 70 CE
Died 79 CE

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Question 1 of 5

In the story, I said Rome fell into 'chaos' after the emperor died. What does 'chaos' mean in this sentence?

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Vespasian
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