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Illustration of The Great Sphinx of Giza

The Great Sphinx of Giza

The Great Sphinx of Giza is a colossal limestone statue of a mythical creature with a lion's body and a human…

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The story

The Guardian in the Sand

The sun feels warm on my stone skin, just like it has every day for thousands of years. I watch it climb into the bright blue sky and then sink back down, painting the world in orange and purple. All around me is sand, a giant golden blanket that stretches farther than your eyes can see. I am not like other statues you might see in a park. I have the strong, powerful body of a lion, with giant paws stretched out in front of me. But my face is the wise and calm face of a human, looking straight ahead. I wasn't built from little blocks stacked up high. Instead, I was carved from one single, enormous piece of rock that was already here. Imagine a mountain turning into me. For longer than anyone can remember, I have watched over this special place, a silent watcher in the desert. I am the Great Sphinx of Giza, a guardian made of stone.

My story begins a very long time ago, over 4,500 years in the past. Around the year 2500 BCE, a great king, a pharaoh named Khafre, ruled this land. He had just built a giant pyramid for himself, a pointy mountain of stone that would be his final resting place. But he wanted something more. He wanted a special guardian to watch over his pyramid forever. So, he looked at the huge piece of limestone rock near his pyramid and had a wonderful idea. Hundreds of workers came with simple tools made of copper and stone. Chip, chip, chip. Day after day, they carefully cut away pieces of the rock. It was like I was sleeping inside the stone, and they were waking me up. Slowly, my lion paws appeared, then my long body, and finally, my human face, looking toward the rising sun. I was created to be a protector, to make sure Pharaoh Khafre would be safe in his afterlife.

I have seen so much from my spot in the sand. I have watched whole cities grow and then disappear. I've seen travelers from far away lands come on camels just to look at me, their eyes wide with wonder. They ask questions and tell stories about who I am and what I am thinking. But time and the desert wind have changed me. The wind has blown sand against my face for centuries, which has softened my stone edges. You might notice that my nose is missing. No one is perfectly sure how it happened, but it's just part of my long story. Even though I look different than I did when I was first made, I am still here, strong and proud. I am more than just a big statue. I am a riddle from the past, connecting you to a world from long, long ago. I hope that when people see me, they feel inspired to ask questions, to imagine what life was like, and to remember the amazing things that people can create together.

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About

The Great Sphinx of Giza is a colossal limestone statue of a mythical creature with a lion's body and a human head, believed to represent the Pharaoh Khafre. It stands on the Giza Plateau on the west bank of the Nile in Giza, Egypt.

Constructed 2558 BCE - 2532 BCE (circa)
First major restoration 1401 BCE (circa)
Fully excavated in modern times 1936 CE

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Why did Pharaoh Khafre want the Great Sphinx to be built?

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The Great Sphinx of Giza
The Guardian in the Sand 0:00 / 0:00