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Illustration of Paris, France

Paris, France

Paris, the capital of France, is a major European city and a global center for art, fashion, gastronomy…

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The story

A Story of Paris

Imagine a place where a gentle river winds its way through streets filled with history. If you stand on one of my many bridges at night, you can see a tall tower made of iron lace sparkle with thousands of tiny lights, like a diamond necklace against the dark sky. The air often smells sweet, like warm bread and buttery pastries fresh from a bakery on the corner. All day long, artists sit by the river, dabbing their colorful brushes onto canvases, trying to capture the special light that dances on the water and the old stone buildings. There is a feeling of magic here, a sense of wonder in the air that has drawn dreamers to my side for centuries. I have been a home to kings and revolutionaries, artists and inventors. I am Paris, the City of Light.

My story began a very, very long time ago, long before my tall tower ever touched the sky. Before there were wide avenues, there was just my river, the Seine, and a small island in the middle of it. A Celtic tribe called the Parisii lived on that island, and they were my first people. They fished in my river and built a small settlement. Then, around 52 BCE, something big happened. The Romans arrived. They were powerful builders and planners, and they created a new city right here, which they called Lutetia. They built grand things like public baths where people could relax and talk, and a large arena for shows and entertainment. For hundreds of years, I grew as a Roman city. It wasn't until the 4th century CE that my name officially changed from Lutetia to Paris, in honor of my first people, the Parisii. From that small Roman town, I began my journey, growing slowly into a busy medieval city with narrow, winding streets.

As the centuries passed, my importance grew. In the year 987 CE, I was chosen to be the capital of France, the heart of the kingdom. This was a huge honor, and it meant I had to look the part. Great and beautiful buildings began to rise from my streets. The most magnificent of all was the Notre Dame Cathedral. Its first stone was laid on the 24th of March, 1163, and for centuries, people worked to build its towering spires and beautiful stained-glass windows. I also needed to be safe. Around the year 1190, King Philip II ordered the construction of a strong fortress right by the river to protect me from invaders. He called it the Louvre. It had thick walls and a tall central tower. At the same time, I became a famous place for learning. The University of Paris was founded, and students and scholars traveled from all over Europe to study and share ideas within my walls. I was no longer just a city; I was a center of power, faith, and knowledge.

Like any city that has lived for thousands of years, I have seen times of great change. One of the biggest moments in my life was the French Revolution, which began in 1789. It was a difficult time, but it was also a time filled with powerful new ideas about freedom and fairness for all people. These ideas changed not just me, but the entire world. Hundreds of years later, I went through another huge transformation. Between 1853 and 1870, a man named Baron Haussmann was given the job of modernizing me. He knocked down old, crowded neighborhoods and replaced them with the wide, tree-lined avenues, or boulevards, that I am famous for today. This gave me light and air and made me the beautiful city you see now. And then, for the World's Fair in 1889, I received my most famous landmark. An engineer named Gustave Eiffel designed a breathtaking iron tower that became a symbol of my spirit, reaching for the future.

Today, my heart beats for the whole world. That old fortress, the Louvre, is no longer needed for protection. Instead, it has become one of the greatest art museums on Earth. Millions of visitors walk its halls every year to see incredible treasures, from ancient Egyptian artifacts to the famous, smiling Mona Lisa. My streets are a home for people from every corner of the globe. I am still a city for artists who find inspiration in my light, for chefs who create delicious new foods, and for dreamers who come here to find their way. Walking along my river, you are walking through history. Every stone and every bridge has a story to tell. I hope that I can continue to inspire everyone who visits me to dream big, to create beautiful things, and to see the magic that lives in the heart of a city.

Wow facts

About

Paris, the capital of France, is a major European city and a global center for art, fashion, gastronomy, and culture. Its 19th-century cityscape is crisscrossed by wide boulevards and the River Seine.

Founded 249 BCE
Roman Conquest 51 BCE
Became Capital 987 CE
Notre Dame Construction Began 1163 CE
Start of French Revolution 1789 CE
Eiffel Tower Completed 1889 CE

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Question 1 of 5

What was Paris called when the Romans first built a city there, and around what year did they arrive?

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Paris, France
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